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Docker Basics

Docker installation​

Docker installation instructions from docker main site

If you on debian like Kali

  1. Set up Docker's apt repository.
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update
  1. Install the Docker package.
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
  1. Verify that the installation is successful by running the hello-world image:
sudo docker run hello-world

Docker registry​

Find various docker images on docker hub

Example: mongodb image on docker hub

Download mongodb image:

docker pull mongo

Start a mongo server instance:

 docker run --name some-mongo -d mongo:tag

starting mongodb and port mapping

docker run -d -p 27018:27017 mongo

27018:27017 the hosts port 27018 is mapped to the container port 27017

docker images​

list local images​

docker images

delete an image​

docker rmi <image_name>

remove all unused images​

docker image prune

Build an Image from a Dockerfile​

docker build -t <image_name>

Build an Image from a Dockerfile without the cache​

docker build -t <image_name> . –no-cache

Docker HUB​

login into Docker​

ocker login -u <username>

Publish an image to Docker Hub​

docker push <username>/<image_name>

Search Hub for an image​

docker search <image_name>

Pull an image from a Docker Hub​

docker pull <image_name>

Once you have an image, start the container and interact with it. Following are basic commands

Docker containers​

To list currently running containers​

docker ps

List all docker containers (running and stopped)​

docker ps --all

View resource usage stats​

docker container stats

Run a container in the background​

docker run -d <image_name>

Start or stop an existing container​

docker start|stop <container_name> (or <container-id>)

Create and run a container from an image, with a custom name​

docker run --name <container_name> <image_name>

Run a container with and publish a container’s port(s) to the host​

docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> <image_name>

Remove a stopped container​

docker rm <container_name>

Forcefully stop the container - kill​

docker kill <container_name>